Laparoscopic cholecystectomy 

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure performed to remove the gallbladder, most commonly due to symptomatic cholelithiasis or cholecystitis. The operation involves the insertion of a laparoscope and specialized instruments through small abdominal incisions. The cystic duct and artery are identified, clipped, and divided before gallbladder removal. This technique offers advantages such as reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stay, and faster recovery compared to open surgery. Complications are rare but may include bile duct injury, bleeding, or infection.